The Voice News: Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh — Life in the world’s largest refugee settlement may appear routine on the surface, but a deeper look reveals a growing crisis. Severe funding cuts now threaten to dismantle essential services for more than one million Rohingya refugees who have remained displaced since fleeing violence in Myanmar in 2017.
A Fragile Lifeline at Risk
Within weeks, distribution of soap may come to a halt. Cooking fuel is likely to vanish shortly after. Educational programs are being scaled back to focus solely on basic needs like food and water. Amid growing concern, Bangladesh’s interim leader, Muhammad Yunus, has announced a global summit in September aimed at reshaping the response to this long-term humanitarian emergency.
From Emergency Response to Unsustainable Dependency
In the early days of the 2017 crisis, the international response was swift and effective. Refugees arriving in Cox’s Bazar quickly received access to shelter, clean water, and basic services. Over time, the camps developed infrastructure that includes clinics, roads, learning centers, and small marketplaces.
This transformation, however, has created an unsustainable model. In some areas, services within the camps now surpass those available in neighboring Bangladeshi communities—sparking resentment among host populations and causing political friction. Furthermore, overlapping international aid operations consume significant funds, undermining cost-effectiveness.
Struggles Beneath the Surface
Despite visible improvements, conditions inside the camps are deteriorating. Mental health issues such as depression and anxiety are on the rise. Domestic violence, gang activities, trafficking, and the recruitment of youths into armed groups are becoming more common. With vital services on the brink of collapse, the need for a sustainable, long-term approach has never been more urgent.
Three Priorities for the Global Summit
The international conference scheduled for September offers a critical opportunity to reassess strategies. Three key priorities must guide this shift:
- Reaffirm Voluntary Repatriation as the Long-Term Goal
While the security situation in Myanmar’s Rakhine State prevents immediate returns, voluntary repatriation must remain the ultimate objective. Meanwhile, interim solutions should focus on stability and dignity within the camps. - Reform Aid Delivery and Camp Management
The current $800 million annual aid model is no longer viable. Empowering Bangladeshi organizations such as BRAC and the Bangladesh Red Crescent to lead service delivery could reduce costs and increase efficiency. Donors must push to minimize reliance on costly international intermediaries. - Support Host Communities and Break the Aid Dependency Cycle
Rather than blanket aid distribution, mobile cash transfers can stimulate local markets and encourage self-reliance among refugees. Livelihood programs within the camps are essential. At the same time, host communities must not be neglected. Investments in health, education, and employment for locals are critical to maintaining social harmony and mutual resilience.
A Path Forward Without Illusions
Mass repatriation or full integration into Bangladeshi society are neither immediate nor realistic options. Policymakers must resist simplistic solutions and instead pursue pragmatic, phased strategies. As the global community prepares for the September summit, the message must be clear: long-term displacement demands long-term thinking.
Only through reform, partnership, and renewed commitment can the Rohingya crisis move beyond survival toward stability and dignity.