India and Pakistan, two long-standing nuclear-armed rivals, have agreed to an immediate ceasefire after days of escalating violence—the most intense in decades. The truce was announced unexpectedly on Saturday, just as tensions appeared to be spiraling out of control.
How the Ceasefire Happened
Former U.S. President Donald Trump was the first to announce the ceasefire on Truth Social, crediting U.S. mediation efforts. Secretary of State Marco Rubio later confirmed that the U.S. had facilitated talks and claimed both countries also agreed to begin broader discussions at a neutral location.
While Pakistan quickly confirmed the ceasefire, India stated the deal was made directly between the two nations, minimizing the U.S. role. Pakistan, however, praised U.S. involvement, particularly Trump’s leadership.
Sources close to the negotiations told CNN the U.S. played a key role behind the scenes, with efforts led by Rubio and Vice President JD Vance.
Contradictory Narratives
The two countries offered conflicting versions of how the ceasefire was reached. India has traditionally rejected international mediation, asserting its status as a rising power. In contrast, Pakistan has welcomed third-party involvement, hoping it will pressure India to engage on the Kashmir issue.
Experts say both sides are now trying to control the narrative about how the conflict ended and what was gained.
Saturday’s Violence
The ceasefire came just hours after intense cross-border strikes. Pakistan reported that India targeted several key military sites, including one near Islamabad. Pakistan retaliated by striking Indian air bases, resulting in explosions in Srinagar and Jammu.
This marked the fourth day of direct strikes across borders, with civilians caught in the crossfire. Fears of further escalation loomed large.
What Sparked the Crisis?
The latest conflict began after a brutal April 26 attack in Pahalgam, a popular tourist site in Indian-administered Kashmir, where gunmen killed 25 Indian tourists and one Nepali. India blamed Pakistan for supporting terrorist groups behind the massacre, which Pakistan denied.
In response, India launched “Operation Sindoor,” a series of military strikes across the Line of Control. Both sides then carried out deep strikes into each other’s territory.
Why Did the U.S. Step In?
Just days ago, U.S. officials played down the potential for American involvement. But as the conflict intensified, alarming intelligence reports prompted the U.S. to take a more active role. State Department officials said they felt compelled to act to prevent further escalation between the two nuclear powers.
What Happens Next?
Despite the ceasefire, tensions remain high. India accused Pakistan of violating the agreement just hours after it was announced, and Pakistan made similar accusations while stating its commitment to peace.
Both countries had taken retaliatory diplomatic and economic steps in recent days, including suspending visas and trade. It remains unclear whether these measures will now be reversed.